What Is Frame Relay?

The term Frame Relay can be used to describe:

• an interface specification - rules for connecting to the
• public network a switching technology - a means of routing frames through the network
• a public service - offered by carriers for WAN connectivity

Frame Relay defines a method for effectively routing frames of information across a wide area network. Packet technologies are very suitable for data communications since they make very efficient use of communications channels. Frame relay is especially suited for data-intensive applications, including the connection of LANs over the wide area. It is also becoming popular as an access method for higher speed ATM networks.

Frame relay is a packet-switching protocol based on X.25 and ISDN standards. Unlike X.25 however, which assumed low speed, error-prone phone lines and had to perform error correction, frame relay assumes error-free lines. By leaving the error-correction and flow control functions to the end points (customer premise equipment), frame relay has lower overhead and can move variable-sized data packets at much higher rates.

Like its predecessor X.25, frame relay is a shared service allowing multiple customers to use the wide area network simultaneously. Several different corporations connecting their remote locations would be an example. Frame relay would not be gaining so much popularity if it did not offer some solid benefits, such as:

• saving money
• improving network performance and availability
• simplifying network management
• consolidating networks

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